L’effettività dei diritti alla luce della giurisprudenza della Corte europea dei diritti dell'uomo di Strasburgo | Articoli su sentenze e provvedimenti della CEDU

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I confini dell’Unione europea. Il dopo-Brexit e le prospettive dell’allargamento

Il dopo-Brexit e le prospettive dell’allargamento

2 maggio 2024 ore 11:00 Sala Lauree, Dipartimento di Giurisprudenza

Riflessioni a partire dal libro di F. Savastano,

Trasformazioni costituzionali nell’allargamento dell’Unione europea

G. Giappichelli Editore, Torino, 2023

Introduce

Prof.ssa Luisa Cassetti

Università degli Studi di Perugia

Relatore

Dott. Federico Savastano

Università di Roma La Sapienza

Discussant

Prof. Simone Vezzani

Università degli Studi di Perugia

 
 

Eventi | Events / News / Vita privata e familiare | Private and family life

CASE OF VEREIN KLIMASENIORINNEN SCHWEIZ AND OTHERS v. SWITZERLAND

 

 

JUDGMENT

Art 34 • Victim • Locus standi • Separate key criteria set out for establishing victim status of individual applicants and locus standi (representation) of associations in climate-change context • Need for effective protection of Convention rights taking into account special features of this phenomenon without undermining the exclusion of actio popularis from the Convention system • In case-circumstances victim-status criteria not fulfilled by individual applicants • Especially high threshold for fulfilling criteria not met (incompatible ratione personae) • Applicant association fulfilled relevant criteria (locus standi) and thus had standing to act on behalf of its members • Importance of collective action and intergenerational burden-sharing in climate-change context

Art 8 • Positive obligations • Private and family life • Respondent State’s failure to comply with positive obligation to implement sufficient measures to combat climate change • Art 8 applicable • Art 8 encompassing a right for individuals to effective protection by the State authorities from the serious adverse effects of climate change on their lives, health, well-being and quality of life • Need to develop a more appropriate and tailored approach as regards the various Convention issues arising in the climate-change context not addressed by Court’s existing environmental case-law • Importance of intergenerational burden‑sharing • Reduced margin of appreciation as regards State’s commitment combating climate change, its adverse effects and the setting of aims and objectives in this respect • Wide margin of appreciation as to the choice of means designed to achieve those objectives • Contracting State’s primary duty to adopt, and to effectively apply in practice, regulations and measures capable of mitigating the existing and potentially irreversible, future effects of climate change • Enumeration of requirements to which competent authorities need to have due regard • Need for domestic procedural safeguards • Mitigation measures to be supplemented by adaptation measures aimed at alleviating the most serious or imminent consequences of climate-change • Existence of critical lacunae in Swiss authorities’ process of putting in place the relevant domestic regulatory framework • Failure to quantify, through a carbon budget or otherwise, national GHG emission limitations • Failure to act in good time and in an appropriate and consistent manner regarding the devising, development and implementation of the relevant legislative and administrative framework • Wide margin of appreciation exceeded

Art 6 § 1 (civil) • Access to court • Applicability of civil limb concerning the effective implementation of mitigation measures under domestic law • Domestic courts’ failure to engage seriously or at all with applicant association’s action • Lack of convincing reasons for non-examination of merits of complaints • Failure to consider compelling scientific evidence concerning climate change and to examine applicant association’s legal standing • Lack of further legal avenues or safeguards • Very essence of right of access to court impaired • Emphasis on domestic courts’ key role in climate-change litigation and of access to justice in this field

Art 46 • Execution of judgment • General measures • Respondent State to assess specific measures to be taken with the assistance of the Committee of Ministers

 

Prepared by the Registry. Does not bind the Court.

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ANTROPOCENE RIFLESSIONI DAL PUNTO DI VISTA DEI GIURISTI

Venerdì 24 novembre 2023 h 16:00
a partire dal volume di Domenico Amirante“Costituzionalismo ambientale. Atlante giuridico per l’Antropocene” Bologna, 2022
AULA 11 | DIPARTIMENTO DI GIURISPRUDENZA VIA A. PASCOLI | PERUGIA
SALUTI ISTITUZIONALI:
Prof. Maurizio OLIVIERO – Rettore dell’Università degli Studi di Perugia Ing. Luca PROIETTI – Direttore generale di Arpa Umbria
Prof. Andrea SASSI – Direttore Dipartimento di Giurisprudenza
INTRODUCE E MODERA:
Prof. Daniele PORENA – Università degli Studi di Perugia – Direttore di CISAFAINTERVENGONO:
Prof. Lucio PEGORARO – Universidad de Salamanca
Prof.ssa Luisa CASSETTI – Università degli Studi di Perugia Prof. Antonio BARTOLINI – Università degli Studi di Perugia
CONCLUDE:
Prof. Domenico AMIRANTE – Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”

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CASE OF LOCASCIA AND OTHERS V. ITALY

Autore dell’articolo
ALFREDO RIZZO

Abstract

Con la recente sentenza Locascia et alteri c. Italia la Corte europea dei diritti dell’uomo aggiunge un ulteriore tassello alla giurisprudenza che si è interessata dei gravi episodi di inquinamento che si sono verificati negli ultimi decenni soprattutto nell’Italia meridionale. Rispetto ad altri casi precedenti, la Corte ha esaminato e accolto la tesi della violazione dell’art. 8 CEDU (vita privata e familiare) rilevando in tal caso non solo la situazione di degrado ambientale in sé considerata, ma anche la sostanziale assenza di interventi concreti da parte delle autorità locali al fine di contenere gli effetti delle emissioni nocive derivanti dalla mancata raccolta dei rifiuti urbani nelle aree interessate. Tali interventi, infatti, hanno costretto la cittadinanza e le persone a ridurre in modo consistente l’esercizio delle proprie libertà costituzionalmente e internazionalmente garantite. In una condizione di grave esposizione a pericolo per la salute, tali interventi rappresentano un ulteriore elemento che fa emergere la lesione del bene tutelato all’art. 8 CEDU. Alla luce di tali elementi, la Corte ha constatato l’impossibilità da parte sua di attingere al criterio secondo cui la compressione di una libertà tutelata dalla Convenzione può essere valutata alla luce delle esigenze della “società nel suo complesso”, ciò che avrebbe potuto eventualmente consentirle di raggiungere una conclusione differente rispetto a quella contenuta nella sentenza in esame.

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Copenhagen Declaration (12 and 13 April 2018)

Copenhagen Declaration

The High Level Conference meeting in Copenhagen on 12 and 13 April 2018 at the initiative of the Danish Chairmanship of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe (“the Conference”) declares as follows:
1.
The States Parties to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) reaffirm their deep and abiding commitment to the Convention, and to the fulfilment of their obligation under the Convention to secure to everyone within their jurisdiction the rights and freedoms defined in the Convention. They also reaffirm their strong attachment to the right of individual application to the European Court of Human Rights (“the Court”) as a cornerstone of the system for protecting the rights and freedoms set forth in the Convention.
2.
The Convention system has made an extraordinary contribution to the protection and promotion of human rights and the rule of law in Europe since its establishment and today it plays a central role in maintaining democratic security and improving good governance across the Continent.
3.
The reform process, initiated in Interlaken in 2010 and continued through further High Level Conferences in Izmir, Brighton and Brussels, has provided an important opportunity to set the future direction of the Convention system and ensure its viability. The States Parties have underlined the need to secure an effective, focused and balanced Convention system, where they effectively implement the Convention at national level, and where the Court can focus its efforts on identifying serious or widespread violations, systemic and structural problems, and important questions of interpretation and application of the Convention.
4.
The reform process has been a positive exercise that has led to significant developments in the Convention system. Important results have been achieved, in particular by addressing the need for more effective national implementation, improving the efficiency of the Court and strengthening subsidiarity.
5.
It has been agreed that, before the end of 2019, the Committee of Ministers should decide whether the measures adopted so far are sufficient to assure the sustainable functioning of the control mechanism of the Convention or whether more profound changes are necessary. Approaching this deadline, it is necessary to take stock of the reform process with the goal of addressing current and future challenges.[…]

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